The body undergoes numerous changes after biliary or pancreatic surgery. These surgeries are typically performed to treat diseases related to the gallbladder, bile duct, or pancreas. The body’s digestive capacity is affected after such operations, making it crucial to take care of diet and nutrition. Proper nutrition not only speeds recovery but also protects the body from infection and weakness. Let’s understand in detail what diet should be like after such surgery and what foods to avoid.
Changes in the Body After Surgery
Digestive processes are weakened after biliary or pancreatic surgery because these organs are directly involved in digestive enzymes and fat digestion. The biliary tract and pancreas play a vital role in food digestion. When surgery is performed, the flow of bile or the balance of enzymes is disrupted, which can lead to problems like gas, indigestion, diarrhea, or stomach pain. This is why doctors recommend a light, easily digestible, and balanced diet after surgery.
The Role of Protein: Essential for Tissue Repair and Recovery
The body’s primary need after surgery is to repair tissues, and protein is essential for this. Protein not only regenerates cells but also strengthens the immune system. Protein-rich foods like lentils, mung beans, cheese, eggs (if approved by the doctor), tofu, and low-fat dairy products should be consumed after surgery. If the patient has difficulty eating heavy meals, protein shakes or soups are also good options. Be careful not to consume high-fat protein sources, such as red meat or fried foods, as these can be taxing on digestion.
A Low-Fat Diet: The Key to Facilitating Digestion
Both the bile and pancreas play a vital role in fat digestion. When their function is temporarily affected after surgery, consuming fatty foods can make digestion more difficult. Therefore, doctors generally recommend a low-fat diet. This means avoiding butter, fried foods, cream, cheese, and processed foods. Boiled, steamed, or grilled foods are preferable. Olive oil or mustard oil can be used in very small quantities.
Get Energy from Carbohydrates
Weakness and fatigue are common after surgery. Carbohydrates are essential for providing energy, but choosing the right source is essential. It’s beneficial to consume brown rice, oats, whole wheat, and semolina instead of white rice or refined flour. These are digested slowly and provide long-lasting energy. They also don’t put too much pressure on the stomach, maintaining a balanced digestive system.
The Importance of a Liquid Diet
Doctors recommend a liquid diet for the first few days after surgery. This is because liquids like soup, coconut water, thin porridge, or vegetable broth are easily digested and hydrate the body. If the patient has difficulty swallowing or digesting food, starting slowly with a liquid diet is a safe approach. As the body recovers, solid foods can be gradually introduced.
Vitamin and Mineral Supplementation
Nutrient deficiencies occur after surgery, especially when the patient is on a restricted diet for several days. Vitamins A, C, E, and minerals like zinc and iron play a vital role in the body’s recovery. These elements not only aid wound healing but also protect against infection. They can be supplemented naturally with multivitamin supplements or fruits and vegetables, as recommended by your doctor. For example, include fruits and vegetables like carrots, spinach, oranges, guavas, and tomatoes in your diet.
Mind the quantity and frequency of meals
After surgery, it is very important not to eat large meals at one time. Overeating puts pressure on digestion and increases discomfort. Therefore, it’s best to eat small meals 5-6 times a day. This not only maintains energy levels but also gives the digestive system a break. Walking or doing some light activity after each meal is also beneficial.
The Importance of Water and Hydration
After any surgery, the body needs adequate fluids to flush out toxins and reduce the risk of infection. Drink at least 8-10 glasses of water throughout the day. Coconut water, soup, lemonade, or unsweetened fruit juices are also recommended. Caffeine and carbonated drinks should be avoided as they can increase gas and dehydration.
What to Avoid
Certain foods can be harmful after surgery, such as fried foods, spicy foods, caffeine, alcohol, and processed foods. All of these slow down digestion and increase gas or acidity. Furthermore, very cold or very hot foods can also affect the stomach. If your doctor has prescribed any specific dietary restrictions, be sure to adhere to them. Remember that the first few months are extremely sensitive, so careful eating is essential.
Follow your doctor’s and dietitian’s advice
Every patient’s body reacts differently, so copying someone else’s diet is not a good idea. After surgery, eat according to your doctor’s and dietitian’s advice. They will be responsible for your body’s health.
Conclusion
Taking care of nutrition after biliary or pancreatic surgery is as important as the operation itself. Eating the right food not only provides energy but also speeds wound healing and reduces the risk of infection. A light, balanced, low-fat, and protein-rich diet plays a crucial role in post-surgery recovery. Gradually transitioning to solid foods, drinking plenty of water, and following your doctor’s advice are the keys to a healthy life after surgery.
